In today's global market, companies increasingly rely on their supply chains to maintain competitiveness. Intense competition has driven companies to exploit new markets and lower production costs through the development of their supply chains, leading to more complex global supply chains. Although this is a complex and broad topic, there is a consensus among researchers that adopting an appropriate strategy positively impacts performance and allows companies to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. Therefore, the objective of this research is to examine the impact of supply chain strategy on business performance, with an emphasis on product characteristics and environmental uncertainty. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology, utilizing library and field studies as well as questionnaires to gather data. The statistical population of the study consists of all managers of industrial units in the Shokouhiyeh Industrial Town of Qom, with a sample size of 260 estimated using Cochran's formula. For data analysis, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed using Smart PLS software. The results of the structural equation modeling indicated that product characteristics have a significant impact on supply chain strategy. Additionally, the findings revealed that environmental uncertainty significantly affects supply chain strategy, and supply chain strategy, in turn, has a significant impact on business performance.